Kratom Alkaloid and 7-OH Science Glossary 7-OH Science Glossary

Alkaloids & Chemistry (12)

• 7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) — 7-Hydroxymitragynine, abbreviated 7-OH, is a trace alkaloid identified in Mitragyna speciosa leaf material and a documented in vivo metabolite of mitragynine.
• Active Metabolite — An active metabolite is a metabolic product of a parent compound that retains pharmacological activity in published pharmacology literature.
• Alkaloid — An alkaloid is a class of nitrogen-containing organic compounds, typically of plant origin, with characterized chemistry in the natural-products literature.
• Corynantheidine — Corynantheidine is a minor indole alkaloid present in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom).
• Corynoxine — Corynoxine is a minor oxindole-class alkaloid present in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom).
• Indole Alkaloid — An indole alkaloid is a member of the alkaloid class of nitrogen-containing plant compounds whose chemical structure is built around the indole ring system - a fused bicyclic aroma
• Mitragyna speciosa — Mitragyna speciosa is the botanical name of the evergreen tree commonly called kratom.
• Mitragynine — Mitragynine is the principal indole alkaloid of Mitragyna speciosa, the plant commonly called kratom.
• Mitragynine Pseudoindoxyl — Mitragynine pseudoindoxyl is an indole alkaloid identified in chemistry literature on Mitragyna speciosa.
• Paynantheine — Paynantheine is a secondary indole alkaloid present in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom).
• Speciociliatine — Speciociliatine is a secondary indole alkaloid in Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) leaves.
• Speciogynine — Speciogynine is a secondary indole alkaloid present in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom).

Lab Testing & Quality (7)

• Certificate of Analysis (COA) — A Certificate of Analysis, abbreviated COA, is a document issued by an analytical laboratory summarizing the test results for a specific manufactured batch of product.
• Heavy Metal Screening — Heavy metal screening is the analytical testing of botanical products for low-level contamination by toxic metals - most commonly lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic
• HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) — HPLC, an abbreviation for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, is an analytical technique used to separate and quantify the components of a liquid mixture.
• LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) — LC-MS, an abbreviation for Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, is an analytical technique that combines liquid-chromatography separation with mass-spectrometry detection.
• Microbial Testing — Microbial testing is the quantitative and qualitative analysis of a botanical product for bacterial, yeast, and mold contamination.
• Residual Solvent Testing — Residual solvent testing is the analytical measurement of trace solvents that may remain in a product after extraction or other manufacturing operations that involve organic solven
• Stability Testing — Stability testing is a structured program of analytical testing performed under controlled temperature and humidity conditions over time to characterize how the active ingredient c

Pharmacology Concepts (3)

• CYP3A4 — CYP3A4 is a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes, expressed primarily in the liver and intestinal wall, and responsible for the oxidative metabolism of a large frac
• Half-Life — Half-life, abbreviated t½, is the time required for the plasma concentration of a compound to decrease by half during the elimination phase.
• Pharmacokinetics — Pharmacokinetics, often abbreviated PK, is the study of how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and excretes a compound - collectively summarized by the acronym ADME.

Receptor Pharmacology (8)

• Biased Agonism — Biased agonism describes a pharmacological phenomenon in which a receptor ligand preferentially activates one downstream signaling pathway over another, rather than activating all
• Delta-Opioid Receptor (DOR) — The delta-opioid receptor, abbreviated DOR and encoded by the gene OPRD1, is one of four classical opioid receptor subtypes - alongside the mu-opioid (MOR), kappa-opioid (KOR), and
• G-Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) — A G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) is a member of the largest family of cell-surface signaling receptors in the human genome - over 800 distinct GPCRs are encoded.
• Kappa-Opioid Receptor (KOR) — The kappa-opioid receptor, abbreviated KOR and encoded by the gene OPRK1, is one of four classical opioid receptor subtypes - alongside the mu-opioid (MOR), delta-opioid (DOR), and
• Mu-Opioid Receptor (MOR) — The mu-opioid receptor, abbreviated MOR and encoded by the gene OPRM1, is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) of the opioid-receptor family.
• Partial Agonist — A partial agonist is a receptor ligand that produces a submaximal functional response (Emax less than that of a full agonist) regardless of dose.
• Receptor Binding Affinity — Receptor binding affinity is a quantitative measure of how tightly a ligand binds to a receptor.
• β-Arrestin — β-Arrestin is a cytoplasmic scaffolding protein recruited to activated G-protein-coupled receptors after they have been phosphorylated by GPCR kinases.

Regulatory & Compliance (5)

• American Kratom Association (AKA) — The American Kratom Association (AKA) is a U.S.
• DEA Scheduling — DEA scheduling is the process by which the U.S.
• FDA Warning Letter — An FDA warning letter is a formal written notification from the U.S.
• GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) — Good Manufacturing Practice, abbreviated GMP, is a quality-management system standard for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, food, and other regulated product
• Schedule I Controlled Substance — A Schedule I controlled substance is a substance placed in the most restrictive of the five schedules under the U.S.

Featured terms

These five entries capture the highest current search demand in the kratom alkaloid space. They are the recommended starting points if you are new to this material.

About this glossary

This glossary supports researchers, manufacturers, distributors, regulators, and curious readers who need a precise definition of a term used in kratom alkaloid science. Definitions are written in research-context language, drawn from peer-reviewed literature and primary regulatory sources, and reviewed by a PhD-credentialed pharmacology editor and a regulatory affairs specialist before publication.

Each headword links to a longer dedicated entry that includes references, related terms, and additional context. We do not provide consumer-use guidance, dosing recommendations, or therapeutic claims; for those questions, consult a qualified healthcare professional.

Sources and further reading

Primary references used across this glossary include peer-reviewed pharmacology literature indexed in PubMed; the U.S. FDA, DEA, the Federal Register; the United States Pharmacopeia; the International Council for Harmonisation; and the American Kratom Association. Specific citations are listed on each individual term page.